Screening and molecular classification of low-temperature protease from Antarctic microorganism and its characterization     

王全富缪锦来  侯艳华郑洲 李光友 《极地研究(英文版)》2005,16(2):81-89

107 strains producing protease were screened from 260 strains of Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria, among which proteolytic activity of five strains was more than 45 U ml^-1. The 16S rRNA gcne sequences homology and phylogcnetic analysis of five Antarctic psychrophillc bacteria showed that NJ276, NJS-9, NJ16-70,NJ345 belonged tO the described genus Pseudoalteromonas and NJ341 belonged to the genus Colwellia. The growth and the protease characteristic of four Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria had been studied, and the result showed that the 6ptimal temperature for growth and protease-produeing of four strains was about 10℃. Their growth and protease-produeing were still high during incubatlng 2-5 days. The maximum proteolytic activity occurred at pH 9 for four Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria. The optimal temperature of protease action of both strains NJ276 and NJ5-9 was about 50℃, however, the optimal temperature of protease aetlon of both strains NJ341 and NJ345 was about 40 ℃, and their proteolytic activity under 0℃ exhibited nearly 30% of the maximum activity, but their thermal stabilities were weaker. These results indicated that proteases from NJ341 and NJ345 were low-temperature proteases.  相似文献   

CHEMICAL WEATHERING PROCESSES AND ATMOSPHERIC CO_2 CONSUMPTION OF HUANGHE RIVER AND CHANGJIANG RIVER BASINS     

《中国地理科学(英文版)》2005,15(1)

1 INTRODUCTIONThe atmospheric CO2consumed by rock weathering haslong been recognized as providing a major loss of car-bon and decreasing the atmospheric CO2(STALL-ARD and EDMOND, 1981; MEYBECK, 1983).The 0.7×109 -0.8 ×109t of carbon derived from atmo-sp…  相似文献   

东亚地区春季一氧化碳的输送特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

葛萃  张美根 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(2)

以ECMWF ERA-40再分析资料构建的气象场为驱动场,利用全球三维大气化学模式MOZART-2,模拟了2001年3月大气污染物浓度的全球时空分布,并以一氧化碳(CO)作为示踪剂分析了春季东亚污染物向西太平洋地区输送的路线和机制.为了检验模拟结果的合理性,对TRACE-P 期间典型天气过程下的模拟结果与观测结果进行了比较.比较结果显示,模拟结果可以较好地再现2001年春季冷锋过境期间与东南亚深对流运动加强的天气形势下,东亚污染物向西太平洋地区输送的2大主要路径及其特征:(1) 污染物被冷锋系统提升后,在对流层中层向西太平洋快速传输;(2) 强烈的大气对流运动可以导致东南亚生物质燃烧产生的污染物在对流层上层向西太平洋输送.  相似文献   

An Evaluation of Phase Behaviors of the Oil-Gas-Water System in the Displacement of Crude Oil with CO₂     

ZHANG Angang  FAN Zifei  HE Jun 《《地质学报》英文版》2023,97(2):573-580

CO₂ dissolution into an aqueous phase and water evaporation into a gaseous phase takes place during CO₂ injection into an oil reservoir. This study aims to evaluate the phase behaviors of the oil-gas-water system in the displacement of crude oil by CO₂. The composition of the JL oilfield in the northeast of China is taken as an example. The flash calculation of the oil-gas-water system was performed, based on the method presented by Li and Nghiem. The research re...  相似文献   

Key Problems and Countermeasures in CO₂ Flooding and Storage     

CHEN Huanqing 《《地质学报》英文版》2023,97(3):858-872

Based on literature research in combination with the practice of CO₂ flooding and storage in Jilin Oilfield, this study assesses the key problems in CO₂ flooding and storage, proposing the corresponding countermeasures from five aspects of CO₂ gas source condition, namely geological condition evaluation, scheme design incoordination with other production methods, economic and effectiveness evaluation, together with dynamic monitoring and safety evaluation. The re...  相似文献   

A Numerical Simulation Study of Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Breakthrough Pressure of CO2 in Unsaturated Low-permeability Rock Core     

HU Zhikai  LI Yi  LI Qi  DIAO Yujie  MA Xin  LIU Hejuan  FENG Guanhong  WANG Fugang  YU Qingchun 《《地质学报》英文版》2023,97(3):911-924

Gas breakthrough pressure is a key parameter to evaluate the sealing capacity of caprock, and it also plays important roles in safety and capacity of CO2 geological storage. Based on the published experimental results, we present numerical simulations on CO2 breakthrough pressure in unsaturated low-permeability rock under 9 multiple P-T conditions (which can keep CO2 in gaseous, liquid and supercritical states) and thus, a numerical method which can be used to accurately predict CO2 breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale is proposed. The simulation results show that CO2 breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time are exponential correlated with P-T conditions. Meanwhile, pressure has stronger effects on experimental results than that of temperature. Moreover, we performed sensitivity studies on the pore distribution index λ (0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9) in van Genuchten-Muale model. Results show that with the increase of λ, CO2 breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time both show decreasing trends. In other words, the larger the value of λ is, the better the permeability of the caprock is, and the worse the CO2 sealing capacity is. The numerical method established in this study can provide an important reference for the prediction of gas breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale and for related numerical studies.  相似文献   

页岩储层物性参数对CO₂不同封存机制及封存量的影响     

尹书郭  杨国栋  冯涛  马鑫  曹伟  黄冕  郭天晴 《高校地质学报》2023,29(1):37-46

CO₂增强页岩气开采技术(CO₂-ESGR)一方面可提高CH4产量,另一方面又可实现CO₂地质封存。为了分析页岩储层物性参数对CO₂封存机制的影响,文章以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组页岩为研究对象,采用CMG-GEM软件建立双孔双渗均质模型,分析了CO₂-ESGR中页岩储层垂直渗透率与水平渗透率之比(Kv/Kh)、含水饱和度和孔隙度对不同CO₂封存机制封存量的影响;并设计了27组正交试验采用极差分析法比较了三种因素的影响程度。研究表明,Kv/Kh在0.1～1范围增大会增加不同CO₂封存机制的封存量,封存总量最大可增加69.96%,其中吸附封存量最大可增加97.96%,受到影响最大;含水饱和度在0～0.9范围增大引起CO₂封存总量先增加后减小,封存总量最大可减少67.12%,其中溶解封存量最大可减少83.35%,范围波动最大;页岩储层孔隙度在0.1～0.99范围增大会导致CO₂封存总量减少,封存总量最大...  相似文献   

饱和油藏CO2非混相吞吐增油规律研究——以印尼南苏门答腊盆地典型油藏为例     

程子芸  丁伟  张晓玲  曲良超  代芳文 《地质论评》2023,69(Z1):249-251

  相似文献   

Multiproxy Paleosol Evidence for Jurassic Paleoclimate Fluctuations in the Sichuan Basin, SW China     

LI Jun  WEN Xingyue  PAN Yuanyuan  HUANG Chengmin 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(6):2105-2124

Paleoclimate reconstruction of continental environments has been hampered by the limited evidence. A thick sequence of Jurassic continental deposits in the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China yields abundant paleosols that may offer valuable insights regarding Jurassic climate scenarios. A succession of 169 paleosols belonging to Protosols, Calcisols, and Argillisols from 23 detailed stratigraphic sections was recognized and characterized macro- and micromorphologically and assessed for mineral and geochemical compositions. Quantitative paleoclimate reconstructions using bulk geochemical proxies, the depth to and the stable oxygen isotopic composition of paleosol carbonates indicated a predominant alternation of semiarid and arid cool/warm-temperate climatic conditions punctuated by several episodes of subhumid and humid climates that generally prevailed in the Sichuan Basin during the Jurassic. The estimated paleoatmospheric CO2 concentrations (pCO2) from calcic paleosols yielded a low range of ~104 ± 58 to ~610 ± 152 ppmv during the Middle Jurassic. The terrestrial paleotemperature changes in the Sichuan Basin coincided with the pCO2 variations, which probably resulted from global geological events (e.g., volcanic activities, magmatic and oceanic events, and the ephemeral caps development) in the Middle Jurassic. Jurassic climatic fluctuations in the basin were likely attributed to true polar wander due to global plate motion, megamonsoon effect linked to global and regional paleogeography, and regional paleotopography.  相似文献   

Transformation of ammonium nitrogen and response characteristics of nitrifying functional genes in tannery sludge contaminated soil          下载免费PDF全文

Kong Xiang-ke  Zhang Zi-xuan  Wang Ping  Wang Yan-yan  Zhang Zhao-ji  Han Zhan-tao  Ma Li-sha 《地下水科学与工程》2022,10(3):223-232

High concentrations of ammonium nitrogen released from tannery sludge during storage in open air may cause nitrogen pollution to soil and groundwater. To study the transformation mechanism of NH₄⁺-N by nitrifying functional bacteria in tannery sludge contaminated soils, a series of contaminated soil culture experiments were conducted in this study. The contents of ammonium nitrogen (as NH₄⁺-N), nitrite nitrogen (as NO₂^?-N) and nitrate nitrogen (as NO₃^?-N) were analyzed during the culture period under different conditions of pollution load, soil particle and redox environment. Sigmodial equation was used to interpret the change of NO₃^?-N with time in contaminated soils. The abundance variations of nitrifying functional genes (amoA and nxrA) were also detected using the real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR method. The results show that the nitrification of NH₄⁺-N was aggravated in the contaminated silt soil and fine sand under the condition of lower pollution load, finer particle size and more oxidizing environment. The sigmodial equation well fitted the dynamic accumulation curve of the NO₃^?-N content in the tannery sludge contaminated soils. The Cr(III) content increased with increasing pollution load, which inhibited the reproduction and activity of nitrifying bacteria in the soils, especially in coarse-grained soil. The accumulation of NO₂^?-N contents became more obvious with the increase of pollution load in the fine sand, and only 41.5% of the NH₄⁺-N was transformed to NO₃^?-N. The redox environment was the main factor affecting nitrification process in the soil. Compared to the aerobic soil environment, the transformation of NH₄⁺-N was significantly inhibited under anaerobic incubation condition, and the NO₃^?-N contents decreased by 37.2%, 61.9% and 91.9% under low, medium and high pollution loads, respectively. Nitrification was stronger in the silt soil since its copy number of amoA and nxrA genes was two times larger than that of fine sand. Moreover, the copy numbers of amoA and nxrA genes in the silt soil under the aerobic environment were 2.7 times and 2.2 times larger than those in the anaerobic environment. The abundance changes of the amoA and nxrA functional genes have a positive correlation with the nitrification intensity in the tannery sludge-contaminated soil.  相似文献